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Henty, C., & Dickinson, A. R. (2007). Practice nurses' experiences of the Care Plus programme: A qualitative descriptive study. The Royal New Zealand College of General Practitioners website, 34(5), 335–338.
Abstract: The aim of this small qualitative descriptive pilot study was to describe the experiences of practice nurses delivering the Care Plus programme within the general practice setting. Care Plus was introduced into Primary Health Organisations (PHOs) in 2004. This programme encourages more involvement from practice nurses in chronic care management. For many New Zealand practice nurses this is a new role. This study, carried out prior to the larger Care Plus implementation review (2006), provides an insight into the nursing experience of implementing Care Plus and provides a basis for future studies with regard to the nurse's role within the Care Plus programme.
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Gage, J., Everrett, K. D., & Bullock, L. (2007). A review of research literature addressing male partners and smoking during pregnancy. CPIT Repository, 36(6), 574–580.
Abstract: The aim of this research was to gain a more complete understanding of cigarette smoking and cessation during pregnancy by examining the men's role in supporting smoking cessation of their pregnant partners. A search of online databases was made for studies published in the last 10 years, in English, that included three phenomena; pregnancy, male partners, and cigarette smoking. Data were identified and organised according to theoretical, descriptive, and intervention methods of research. A growing body of literature indicates an interaction between pregnancy, male partners, and smoking behaviors. Explicating relationships between these phenomena is necessary for understanding and encouraging behaviours that promote maternal, child, and family health. The researchers conclude that current research highlights a need to further investigate the potential relationships, interactions, and health consequences of smoking behaviours of men and women during pregnancy.
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Crawford, R., Hedley, C., & Marshall, B. (2011). Influences on Registered Nurses Having an annual influenza vaccination: Lessons from New Zealand. Kai Tiaki Nursing Research, 2(1), 12–16.
Abstract: The aim of this research was to explore what influences registered nurses (RNs) to have the annual influenza vaccine. In the past, influenza vaccination of health care workers has been identified as the primary method of preventing influenza transmission to at-risk groups that, by virtue of illness, congregate in and around hospitals.
Findings showed that some RNs have confidence in the influenza vaccine being effective in preventing influenza infection; however there remained a high proportion of RNs who thought that the vaccine could or might cause influenza. Participants had incorrect knowledge and beliefs about the influenza vaccine, infection and cross infection.
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Kool, B., Thomas, D., Moore, D., Anderson, A., Bennetts, P., & Earp, K. (2008). Innovation and effectiveness: Changing the scope of school nurses in New Zealand secondary schools. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 32(2), 177–180.
Abstract: The aim of this research was to describe the changing role of school nurses in eight New Zealand secondary schools from low socio-economic areas with high Pacific Island and Maori rolls. An evaluation of a pilot addressing under-achievement in low-decile schools in Auckland(2002-05) was made. Annual semi-structured school nurse interviews and analysis of routinely collected school health service data were undertaken. Two patterns of school nurse operation were identified: an embracing pattern, where nurses embraced the concept of providing school-based health services; and a Band-Aid pattern, where only the basics for student health care were provided by school nurses. The researchers conclude that school nurses with an embracing pattern of practice provided more effective school-based health services. School health services are better served by nurses with structured postgraduate education that fosters the development of a nurse-practitioner role. The researchers go on to say that co-ordination of school nurses either at a regional or national level is required.
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Floyd, S., & Meyer, A. (2007). Intramuscular injections: What's best practice? Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 13(6), 20–22.
Abstract: The aim of this research project was to explore issues around preferred injection site, intramuscular injections injection technique, particularly Z-tracking, and the wearing of gloves while administering intramuscular injections. The researchers conducted a literature search which revealed little published information on the use of intramuscular injections, despite them being part of everyday nursing practice. The guidelines for evidence-based practice in relation to intramuscular injections are reviewed and discussed. A survey of registered nurses on intramuscular injections sites and technique was conducted. An anonymous questionnaire, accompanied by an explanatory letter, was sent to 173 registered nurses working in general practice, prisons, and to community and inpatient mental health nurses. Response questionnaires were collated and a thematic analysis was undertaken. This research findings show that, despite the known iatrogenic complications which could occur when administering intramuscular injections, some registered nurses' practice does not appear to take this in to consideration. Furthermore, the majority of registered nurses did not use gloves and Z-tracking was not widely used among the sample group. The researchers conclude that although intramuscular injections are a fundamental skill, there appears to be limited research and evidence to support best practice. Education and support to change practice to reflect current research is paramount, if registered nurses are to remain competent.
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Bride, A. M. (1999). Contract clinical tutors experience of working with Bachelor of Nursing students in clinical practice. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: The aim of this qualitative study is to explore four clinical tutors' perceptions of their role on facilitating Bachelor of Nursing students' learning in the practice setting of the health sector in New Zealand. Participants were asked to share their personal experiences including the positive aspects and the difficulties and challenges they encountered when working with students.Contract clinical tutors, are employed because of their clinical experience and expertise to enable students to apply the knowledge learned in theory and the professional competencies learned in the laboratory into the reality of clinical practice. This requires that clinical tutors be familiar with the curriculum so that their role as supervisor, teacher, facilitator, guide ands mentor can assist the student in fulfilling their learning requirements when in clinical practice. They are not, however, involved in the development or the teaching of the theoretical component of the programme. The difficulties and challenges identified by the contract clinical tutors in this study, resulted in discussion concerning strategies that could be adapted by the faculty to support clinical tutors in their role of ensuring the students receive the best possible learning opportunities when assigned to the clinical areas.Focus groups interviews were chosen as a means of collecting data from four registered nurses currently or previously employed as contract clinical tutors to work with students from an undergraduate degree programme at a small polytechnic.A two hour focus group interview was held as a means of uncovering the shared thoughts and experiences of participants. A second focus group interview was conducted to qualify information and elaborate on some issues. From the data collected a number of recommendations were identified which if adopted by polytechnics will enhance quality teaching by contract clinical tutors.
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Prebble, K., & McDonald, B. (1997). Adaptation to the mental health setting: the lived experience of comprehensive nurse graduates. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 6(1), 30–36.
Abstract: The aim of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore the experience of new comprehensive nursing graduates as they adapted to working in the acute psychiatric setting. Interviews were conducted with four participants, focussing on their current work experiences and how the philosophical beliefs and values derived from their educational preparation fit with those they encountered within the practice setting. The data were analysed by noting common experiences, values and meanings and identifying the themes as they emerged. The themes were: transition to practice, conflict, contradiction, structural constraints, and the reality of the psychiatric setting. The results of the study confirm the concern that has been voiced by new graduates about the quality and quantity of current orientation programmes. Conflicting values and beliefs concerning the nature of mental health/psychiatric nursing has also become evident. It appears that the graduates' Comprehensive nursing preparation may have contributed to their feelings of unease as they attempted to fit their own values and beliefs about nursing with those of the acute psychiatric setting
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Spence, D. (2001). Hermeneutic notions illuminate cross-cultural nursing experiences. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 35(4), 624–630.
Abstract: The aim of this paper was to articulate selected hermeneutic notions for the purpose of extending current understanding of cross-cultural nursing practice, and build on the author's work in this area. The project asserted that the notions of prejudice, paradox and possibility portray a nursing view of this phenomenon. The emphasis in this paper, rather than being methodological, is on showing how specific hermeneutic notions contribute to deeper understanding of the nature of cross-cultural practice. It is argued that contact with, and the capacity to explore, the play of conflicting prejudices and possibilities enhances understanding of the complex and paradoxical nature of cross-cultural nursing.
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Carter, H., MacLeod, R., Brander, P., & McPherson, K. (2004). Living with a terminal illness: Patients' priorities. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 45(6), 611–620.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to report on an exploratory, qualitative study exploring what people living with terminal illness considered were the areas of priority in their lives. Ten people living with terminal cancer were interviewed. Analysis of the interviews incorporated principles of narrative analysis and grounded theory. Over 30 categories were identified and collated into five inter-related themes (personal/intrinsic factors, external/extrinsic factors, future issues, perceptions of normality and taking charge) encompassing the issues of importance to all participants. Each theme focused on 'life and living' in relation to life as it was or would be without illness. Practical issues of daily living and the opportunity to address philosophical issues around the meaning of life emerged as important areas. The central theme, 'taking charge', concerned with people's levels of life engagement, was integrally connected to all other themes. The findings suggest that the way in which health professionals manage patients' involvement in matters such as symptom relief can impact on existential areas of concern. The findings challenge some aspects of traditional 'expert-defined' outcome measures. As this was an exploratory study, further work is needed to test and develop the model presented.
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Kinealy, T., Arroll, B., Kenealy, H., Docherty, B., Scott, D., Scragg, R., et al. (2004). Diabetes care: Practice nurse roles, attitudes and concerns. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 48(11), 68–75.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to report a study to compare the diabetes-related work roles, training and attitudes of practice nurses in New Zealand surveyed in 1990 and 1999, to consider whether barriers to practice nurse diabetes care changed through that decade, and whether ongoing barriers will be addressed by current changes in primary care. Questionnaires were mailed to all 146 practice nurses in South Auckland in 1990 and to all 180 in 1999, asking about personal and practice descriptions, practice organisation, time spent with patients with diabetes, screening practices, components of care undertaken by practice nurses, difficulties and barriers to good practice, training in diabetes and need for further education. The 1999 questionnaire also asked about nurse prescribing and influence on patient quality of life. More nurses surveyed in 1999 had post-registration diabetes training than those in 1990, although most of those surveyed in both years wanted further training. In 1999, nurses looked after more patients with diabetes, without spending more time on diabetes care than nurses in 1990. Nevertheless, they reported increased involvement in the more complex areas of diabetes care. Respondents in 1999 were no more likely than those in 1990 to adjust treatment, and gave a full range of opinion for and against proposals to allow nurse prescribing. The relatively low response rate to the 1990 survey may lead to an underestimate of changes between 1990 and 1999. Developments in New Zealand primary care are likely to increase the role of primary health care nurses in diabetes. Research and evaluation is required to ascertain whether this increasing role translates into improved outcomes for patients.
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Hardy, D. J., O'Brien, A. P., Gaskin, C. J., O'Brien, A. J., Morrison-Ngatai, E., Skews, G., et al. (2004). Practical application of the Delphi technique in a bicultural mental health nursing study in New Zealand. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 46(1), 95–109.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to detail the practical application of the Delphi technique as a culturally and clinically valid means of accessing expert opinion on the importance of clinical criteria. Reference is made to a bicultural New Zealand mental health nursing clinical indicator study that employed a three-round reactive Delphi survey. Equal proportions of Maori and non-Maori nurses (n = 20) and consumers (n = 10) rated the importance of 91 clinical indicator statements for the achievement of professional practice standards. Additional statements (n = 21) suggested by Delphi participants in round 1 were included in subsequent rounds. In round 2, participants explained the rating they applied to statements that had not reached consensus in round 1, and summarised responses were provided to participants in round 3. Consensus was considered to have been achieved if 85% of round 3 ratings lay within a 2-point bracket on the 5-point Likert-scale overall, or in one of the Maori nurse, non-Maori nurse, or consumer groups. A mean rating of 4.5 after round 3 was set as the importance threshold. Consensus occurred overall on 75 statements, and within groups on another 24. Most statements (n = 86) reached the importance benchmark. The authors conclude that when rigorous methods of participant selection, group composition, participant feedback, and determination of consensus and importance are employed, the Delphi technique is a reliable, cost-effective means of obtaining and prioritising experts' judgements.
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Currie, J., Edwards, L., Colligan, M., & Crouch, R. (2007). A time for international standards? Comparing the Emergency Nurse Practitioner role in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. Accident & Emergency Nursing, 15(4), 210–216.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to compare the Emergency Nurse Practitioner role in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. Whilst geographically distant, the role of the Emergency Nurse Practitioner within these three countries shares fundamental similarities, causing the researchers to question, is this a time to implement international standards for the role? The Emergency Nurse Practitioner role in all three countries is gradually establishing itself, yet there are shared concerns over how the role is regulated and deficits in standardisation of scope of practice and educational level. Together these issues generate confusion over what the role embodies. The authors suggest that one method of demystifying the Emergency Nurse Practitioner role would be to progress towards international standards for regulation, education and core components of practice.
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Giddings, D. L. S. (2005). Health disparities, social injustice, and the culture of nursing. Nursing Research, 54(5), 304–312.
Abstract: The aim of this cross-cultural study was to collect stories of difference and fairness within nursing. The study used a life history methodology informed by feminist theory and critical social theory. Life story interviews were conducted with 26 women nurses of varying racial, cultural, sexual identity, and specialty backgrounds in the United States (n = 13) and Aotearoa New Zealand (n = 13). Participants reported having some understanding of social justice issues. They were asked to reflect on their experience of difference and fairness in their lives and specifically within nursing. Their stories were analysed using a life history immersion method. Nursing remains attached to the ideological construction of the “White good nurse.” Taken-for-granted ideals privilege those who fit in and marginalise those who do not. The nurses who experienced discrimination and unfairness, survived by living in two worlds, learned to live in contradiction, and worked surreptitiously for social justice. For nurses to contribute to changing the systems and structures that maintain health disparities, the privilege of not seeing difference and the processes of mainstream violence that support the construction of the “White good nurse” must be challenged. Nurses need skills to deconstruct the marginalising social processes that sustain inequalities in nursing and healthcare. These hidden realities-racism, sexism, heterosexism, and other forms of discrimination-will then be made visible and open to challenge.
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McKenna, B., Simpson, A. I. F., & Coverdale, J. (2006). Best practice management strategies for mental health nurses during the clinical application of civil commitment: An overview. Contemporary Nurse, 21(1), 62–70.
Abstract: The aim of this article is to outline best practice management strategies for nurses during the clinical application of civil commitment of mentally ill persons. A literature search on 'coercion' and 'civil commitment' was undertaken. Published and unpublished research undertaken by the authors in New Zealand on this topic was drawn upon. This research considered the use of civil commitment during admission to acute mental health services, acute forensic mental health services and community mental health services. The experience of coercion by service users coincides with the degree of restriction associated with the service they are involved in. Socio-demographic factors, clinical factors and the experience of coercive events have little bearing on the amount of coercion experienced. Rather, it is the pattern of communication and the use of 'procedural justice' that has the potential to ameliorate the amount of perceived coercion. The authors conclude that 'Procedural justice' aligns with the emphasis placed on the therapeutic relationship in mental health nursing and is an important consideration for nurses during the clinical application of civil commitment
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Findlay, W. (2006). The effect of peer learning and review groups on practice nurses' clinical practice: A mixed method survey. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: The aim of the study was to explore how practice nurses perceive engagement in Peer Learning and Review Groups impacts personally and professionally on their clinical practice. An anonymous self-administered postal questionnaire was completed by 55 practice nurses who attend Peer Learning and Review Groups in the South Island. A mixed method design was utilised to obtain both qualitative and quantitative data. Practice nurses considered group attendance was important for professional development with the majority perceiving that their attendance had a positive effect on their clinical practice. The nurses perceived clear linkages between the significant learning that occurred in the groups and changes in delivery of patient care. Additional benefits included improved collegial relationships, professional awareness and personal growth. The author concludes that, together, these findings underline the importance of Peer Learning and Review Groups as an effective tool for ongoing personal and professional development within nursing.
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