Minto, R. (2006). The future of practice nursing. New Zealand Family Physician, 33(3), 169–172.
Abstract: The author describes and discusses the main barriers to practice nurses achieving their potential as a profession. She identifies key obstacles as the funding model, GP attitudes and the current employment model. Shared governance, the development of a patient-centred services, and new employment models are proposed as the basis of a new model of primary care delivery.
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Magrath, K. L. (2005). From chrysalis to butterfly: Transition experiences of new graduates in primary health care nursing practice in New Zealand. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: Primary health care is a dynamic and ever-changing area of practice which has undergone many changes in the last ten years. Traditionally, primary health care was not a routine choice for new graduate nurses as they were encouraged to work in a hospital setting before seeking a position in the community. Bachelor of Nursing programmes emphasise primary health care practice and increasingly nurses and their employers are moving away from the traditional belief of 'doing your time in the hospital' before contemplating the move to primary health care. Currently in New Zealand increasing numbers of graduates from Bachelor of Nursing programmes want to begin their working life as registered nurses in this area. A constructivist approach was taken to explore the experience of five nurses who entered primary health care practice as new graduates. Participants were interviewed using a semi-structured format. They constructed their experience as role transition and identified a number of significant factors which had impacted on their practice. These factors included both the personal and practice challenges they experienced and the strategies they used to address them. Further research findings were a transition time of one year, the importance of both formal and informal support, planned orientation and opportunities for reflection. A number of mediating factors including new graduate programmes, peer support and mentorship were also discussed. Key implications for practice, education, employers and future research regarding transition to primary health care for new graduates are discussed. This research emphasised the importance of appropriate resources and support for new graduates from Bachelor of Nursing programmes. These factors are suggested as integral to the development of new graduates' practice in primary health care and reduction of the challenges inherent in this transition.
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Pearson, J. R., & Holloway, K. T. (2006). A postgraduate primary health care programme for experienced registered nurses and newly graduated nurses. Whitireia Nursing Journal, 13, 44–52.
Abstract: This paper outlines the historical development of the Postgraduate Certificate in Primary Health Care Specialty Nursing programme. The paper discusses the multiple contextual considerations for the programme in terms of New Zealand health policy direction, academic level, and appropriate level of competency development for nurses new to primary health care and newly graduated nurses.
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Mason, B. (2002). An analysis of the role of the practice nurse in primary health care, 2000/2001. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: In 1999 primary health care in New Zealand was in the process of change from the current personal health care model, which focuses on general practitioner based care, to a population and community based health care programme. Carryer, Dignam, Horsburgh, Hughes and Martin (1999) submitted a report to the National Health Commission entitled “Locating Nursing in Primary Health Care”. This report envisaged that nurses in primary health care would be part of interdisciplinary teams, act autonomously and undertake community consultation and education. The submission suggested that nurses, currently working in primary health care, were alraedy prepared and able to move across into the new form of primary health care, without further education or training.
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McKinlay, E. M. (2006). New Zealand practice nursing in the third millennium: Key issues in 2006. New Zealand Family Physician, 33(3), 162–168.
Abstract: The author looks at the accelerated change in the role of practice nurses, due to factors such as the effects of the Primary Health Care Strategy. She reviews the current role of practice nurses, which is influenced by a population approach and new funding streams that encourage preventative, maintenance and chronic illness management activities. She highlights the positive effects of increased visibility of nursing leaders in the sector, increasing interdisciplinary education, and new career pathways which include advanced roles. She addresses some of the professional and systemic structural barriers which impact on practice nurses' ability to work effectively and equally within a general practice team.
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Floyd, S., & Meyer, A. (2007). Intramuscular injections: What's best practice? Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 13(6), 20–22.
Abstract: The aim of this research project was to explore issues around preferred injection site, intramuscular injections injection technique, particularly Z-tracking, and the wearing of gloves while administering intramuscular injections. The researchers conducted a literature search which revealed little published information on the use of intramuscular injections, despite them being part of everyday nursing practice. The guidelines for evidence-based practice in relation to intramuscular injections are reviewed and discussed. A survey of registered nurses on intramuscular injections sites and technique was conducted. An anonymous questionnaire, accompanied by an explanatory letter, was sent to 173 registered nurses working in general practice, prisons, and to community and inpatient mental health nurses. Response questionnaires were collated and a thematic analysis was undertaken. This research findings show that, despite the known iatrogenic complications which could occur when administering intramuscular injections, some registered nurses' practice does not appear to take this in to consideration. Furthermore, the majority of registered nurses did not use gloves and Z-tracking was not widely used among the sample group. The researchers conclude that although intramuscular injections are a fundamental skill, there appears to be limited research and evidence to support best practice. Education and support to change practice to reflect current research is paramount, if registered nurses are to remain competent.
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Greenlees-Rae, J. (2016). Being confident in practice: A study on the influences on confidence in new graduate nurses. Master's thesis, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington.
Abstract: Aims to understand influences on new graduate nurses' confidence in their nursing practice. Confirms the value of self-confidence in newly-qualified nurses commencing practice. Utilises Appreciative Inquiry methodology to analyse the dialogue of nine new graduate nurses who share their stories of practice. Highlights five themes from their accounts. Identifies influences on the nurses' confidence, and the reflective practice pervading their nursing practice.
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Kennedy, W. (2008). How do Registered Nurses utilise self assessment and performance appraisal to inform their professional practice? Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: This thesis describes an exploratory study of registered nurses within a local district health board which pursued 'if' and 'how' professional practice frameworks assisted nurses in their individual professional practice. Self assessment and performance appraisal are identified as critical elements of professional development by the Nursing Council of New Zealand, and this became the focus of the author's research. A qualitative descriptive framework was utilised to explore the research question, where experiences of registered nurses employed within inpatient adult medical and surgical settings were collected through questionnaire. Analysis of the data was through general inductive thematic approach. Eight themes arose, of which, two have sub-themes. The first four themes relate to self assessment and performance appraisal and the second four themes relate to professional practice. The findings from the participant's perspective provide an understanding of how participants' utilised self assessment and performance appraisal to inform their professional practice. There are significant implications for professional practice within the findings of this study, which are presented along with recommendations for future practice, and future avenues for research.
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Lyall, C. (2003). Therapeutic relationships: What are inpatient registered nurses perceptions of the factors which influence therapeutic relationship development? Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: The question explored in this research project is: What are inpatient registered nurses' perceptions of the factors which influence therapeutic relationship development? The literature reviewed for this project includes the history of interpersonal relationships in nursing; therapeutic relationships; what constitutes these relationships. Also discussed is literature about phenomenology as the underlying theoretical and philosophical position that informs the research method. To answer the research question a single focus group was used to gather data from a group of registered nurses practising in inpatient mental health units. Focus groups as a data collection method produce data and insights that would not be accessible without the group interaction. The key themes to emerge from the data analysis were; time, environment, knowing / self-awareness, compassion and power imbalance / empowerment. These key themes are discussed in relation to the literature and the wider context of the mental health care environment. The contribution this research makes to nursing includes a list of recommendations to nurses, nurse leaders and managers who aim to provide therapeutic mental health unit environments.
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Fletcher, S. (2021). “It's one less thing I have to do” : does referring patients to a co-located psychology service impact on the well-being of primary care health providers?.
Abstract: Investigates wheether the impact of a co-located psychological service to which Primary Care Providers cn refer patients with mild to moderate mental health needs, would impact on the well-being of the providers at work. Describes Focused Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (FACT) services delivered by psychologists working in a a large primary care practice in the lower North Island. Conducts interviews with GPs, nurse practitioners (NP) and registered nurses (RN), analysing the data using thematic analysis. Finds an inverse relationship between the FACT service and the well-being of staff.
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Mahoney, L. (2010). Children living with a mentally ill parent : the role of public health nurses. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 26(2), 4–13.
Abstract: Aims to identify the public health nurses' role with regard to children who are living with a parent who is suffering from a mental illness. Uses a qualitative research design with 8 public health nurses working in rural and urban settings. Conducts focus groups from which data are gathered and analysed thematically using axial coding. Conducts further focus groups with 6 of the participants to evaluate the themes identified.
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Paton, B., Martin, S., McClunie-Trust, P., & Weir, N. (2004). Doing phenomenological research collaboratively. Wintec Research Archive, 35(4), 176–181.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is twofold. The first is to clarify some of the challenges experienced while conducting collaborative research and describe the steps taken to ensure consistency between the purpose of the research and the phenomenological research design used to explore the learning that nursing students acquire in their final clinical practicum. Second, it was thought that by illuminating this learning, registered nurses working as preceptors and those supporting new graduates could gain insight into the complexities of learning the skills of safe and competent practice from the student's perspective. This insight is essential in creating a strategy between education and practice to minimise the duplication of learning opportunities and lessen the cost of supporting newly registered nurses, which may be at the expense of investment in the professional development of experienced registered nurses.
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Crogan, P. A. (2010). Nurses' perceptions of their role in quality improvement change. Master's thesis, University of Auckland, Auckland.
Abstract: Explores how nurses perceive quality improvement (QI) change, determines what is needed for nursing to further contribute to QI change and identifies the potential disconnect between the two. Undertakes a sequential, mixed-methods approach, using a questionnaire followed by a focus group representing 10 per cent of RNs at Middlemore Hospital.
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Usoalii, J. (2018). Rangahau Tapuhi Maori: Maori nursing research. Whitireia Nursing and Health Journal, (25), 70–73.
Abstract: Examines how Kaupapa Maori research influences nursing practice to develop Rangahau Tapuhi Maori. Compares two research articles, one based on Kaupapa Maori research and the other based on Western methodology. Notes that a Maori health model facilitates understanding of Maori culture and relationships.
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Walker, L. (2010). Hardships and hurdles: The experiences of migrant nurses in New Zealand. NZNO Library, 1(1), 4–8.
Abstract: The New Zealand nursing workforce is increasingly made up of overseas trained nurses. There is extensive literature from elsewhere in the world on the impacts of international nurse recruitment and migration on individual nurses and on health services. The literature also portrays evidence of abuse and exploitation, yet few studies are available relating to the experiences of migrant nurses in New Zealand. This research conducted a survey of overseas-trained nurses, specifically focusing on those nurses for whom English is not their first language, to understand the experiences and factors affecting migrant registered nurses in New Zealand. Given the importance to the New Zealand workforce of overseas-trained nurses, this research highlighted that more warnings and advice regarding recruitment agencies and information about nursing in New Zealand and the Nursing Council requirements for registration should be made available to nurses prior to their migration. Nursing leaders should be particularly alert to any evidence of bullying or discrimination based on race or overseas origin.
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