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Litchfield, M. (1991). Nursing education: Direction with purpose. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 84(7), 22–24.
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Litchfield, M. (1992). Computers and the form of nursing to come. (Vol. Proceedings of the Inaugural National Nursing Info, pp. 81–90).
Abstract: A paper presented at the annual conference of Nursing Informatics New Zealand (subsequently incorporated into the collective organisation, Health Informatics NZ).
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Litchfield, M. (1992). Computers and the form of nursing to come. International Journal of Health Informatics, 1(1), 7–10.
Abstract: An invited paper for the initial issue of the IJHI. Adapted from a paper presented at the annual conference of Nursing Informatics New Zealand, 1991 (subsequently incorporated into the collective organisation, Health Informatics, NZ.
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Litchfield, M., & Laws, M. (1999). Achieving family health and cost-containment outcomes: Innovation in the New Zealand Health Sector Reforms. In Cohen,E. & De Back,V. (Eds.), The outcomes mandate: New roles, rules and relationships. Case management in health care today (pp. 306-316). St Louis: Mosby.
Abstract: The chapter presents the research findings of the 1992-1993 Wellington Nurse Case Management Scheme Project as a distinct model of nurse case management, which introduced a role and form of practice of a family nurse and a diagram of the service delivery structure required for support and relevant for the New Zealand health system reforms.
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Jonsdottir, H., Litchfield, M., & Pharris, M. (2003). Partnership in practice. Research & Theory for Nursing Practice, 17(1), 51–63.
Abstract: This article presents a reconsideration of partnership between nurse and client as the core of the nursing discipline. It points to the significance of the relational nature of partnership, differentiating its features and form from the prevalent understanding associated with prescriptive interventions to achieve predetermined goals and outcomes. The meaning of partnership is presented within the nursing process where the caring presence of the nurse becomes integral to the health experience of the client as the potential for action. Exemplars provide illustration of this emerging view in practice and research. This is the first of a series of articles written as a partnership between nurse scholars from Iceland, New Zealand and the USA. The series draws on research projects that explored the philosophical, theoretical, ethical and practical nature of nursing practice and its significance for health and healthcare in a world of changing need.
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Litchfield, M., & Jonsdottir, H. (2008). A practice discipline that's here and now. Advances in Nursing Science, 31(1), 79–92.
Abstract: The article is a collaborative writing venture drawing on research findings from New Zealand and Iceland to contribute to the international scholarship on the status and future direction of the nursing discipline. It takes an overview of the international historical trends in nursing knowledge development and proposes a framework for contemporary nursing research that accommodates the past efforts and paradigms of nurse scholars and reflects the changing thinking around the humanness of the health circumstance as the focus of the nursing discipline. It addresses contemporary challenges facing nurses as practitioners and researchers for advancement of practice and delivery of health services, and for influencing health policy.
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Litchfield, M. (2006). Towards a people-pivotal paradigm for healthcare: Report of the Turangi primary health care nursing innovation 2003-2006.
Abstract: This report presents the findings of the developmental evaluation programme for the three-year innovation project. It includes the model of the integrative nursing service scheme with mobile whanau/family nurses as the hub of healthcare provision for a new paradigm of service design and delivery spanning primary-secondary-tertiary sectors. The form of healthcare the local people received, the nature of the nursing practice and role, service delivery and employment parameters required to support the nurses in practice are presented. The service configuration model subsequently gave the structure to Lake Taupo Primary Health Organisation with the hub of family nurses with a mobile comprehensive practice.
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Litchfield, M. (1992). The nation's health and our response. (Vol. Keynote address at the 1992 NERF/NZNZ National Nur).
Abstract: An analysis of the challenges for the nursing profession of the Government's health reforms. The findings of the 10-month Wellington Nurse Case Management Project 1991-1992, including the description of family nursing practice, what it achieved for health and the service delivery model that would position family nurses in the health reforms were used to provide an exemplar for the nuyrising contribution to health policy for the health reforms. The paper identified a vacum for the reorientating of health care provision to patients/clients and health need and the call to nursesw to take leadership in goving direction to the reorientation.
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Litchfield, M. (1986). Between the idea and reality. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 1(2), 17–29.
Abstract: A paper presented as one of the four “Winter Lecture Series” hosted by the Nursing Studies unit of the Department of Education, Victoria University of Wellington. It is a critique of “ The Nursing Process” referred to commonly in nursing education programmes. It challenges the usefulness for nursing of the linear sequence of steps of assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention and evaluation.
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Litchfield, M. (1993). Priorities for research. kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 1(8), 28–30.
Abstract: An article adapted from the author's contribution as an invited member of the International Panel of Nurse Researchers leading the Special Research Seminar of the 1993 International Council of Nurses Quadrennial Congress, Madrid, Spain. The priorities of nursing research in New Zealand were derived from the findings of a semi-structured survey of the opinions of nurses in academic settings.
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Litchfield, M. (1994). Viewpoint: Telling nursing stories. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 2(4), 28.
Abstract: A brief critique and comment on the ethical implications of nurse researchers using methodology that involves soliciting personal experiences of patients and subsequently publishing them as stories.
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Litchfield, M. (1997). The language of nursing practice in hospitals. (Vol. Proceedings of the National Nursing Informatics Co).
Abstract: A paper presenting the findings of a small research project involving a group of self-selected senior nurses of Wellington Hospital to explore the nature of nursing practice in the care and management of hospitalised patients and to formalise the language that would acknowledge its significance in the current effort of hospitals to define patient care pathways. The nature of hospital nursing practice was described in themes of a generic process of nurse-patient care that articulates a distinct specialism of hospital nursing, whatever the hospital department in which nurses hold positions.
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Litchfield, M. (1998). Case management and nurses. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 13(2), 26–35.
Abstract: The report of an exploratory study of current approaches to case management by nurses as requested by the College of Nurses Aotearoa New Zealand. It revealed different interpretations of nurse case management around New Zealand and in the US, UK and Australia. They differed according to the conceptualisation of health service design and delivery in the respective country. Case management in New Zealand in general presented nurse care management roles as an interface between the mangement of health service delivery and the peculiarities of the healthcare people received, holding the potential for achieving tailored, patient-centred care outcomes.
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Litchfield, M. (1998). Professional development: Developing a new model of integrated care. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 4(9), 23–25.
Abstract: An overview of the model of nursing practice and nurse roles derived through a programme of nursing research in the context of the policy and strategies directing developments in the New Zealand health system. The emphsis was on the health service configuration model presented diagrammatically to show the position of a new role of family nurse with a distinct form of practice forming the hub.
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Litchfield, M. (1998). The scope of advancing nursing practice. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 13(3), 13–24.
Abstract: An overview of the model of nursing practice and nurse roles derived through a programme of nursing research in the context of the changing New Zealand health system. The emphasis is on the complementary nature of the practice of family nurses taking a generic integrative service delivery hub role and the practice of other nurses advancing in specialist roles. Nursing care is presented as a professional, collective practice of registered nurses spread across all health service sectors and employment settings. Nurse roles are differentiated according to the interplay of two factors influencing the extent of practice autonomy the nurses assume (educationally supported) in responding to health need. A diagram depicts the interrelationship of competency and scope for the inclusive three different career trajectories of nurses advancing in practice. NOTE: This paper was published with an error in the title of the article (stated correctly on the journal contents page). An apology from the journal editor with an explanation of the importance of the use of the term ?advancing? and not ?advanced? was published in the subsequent issue (Nursing Praxis in NZ,14(1)).
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