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Bishop, J. (2005). Motivation: An essential element of learning. In J. McDrury (Ed.), Nursing matters: A reader for teaching and learning in the clinical setting (pp. 83-100). Dunedin: Otago Polytechnic.
Abstract: The author defines extrinsic and intrinsic motivators, describes motivational theories, and introduces Wlodkowski's Motivational Framework, which is specifically developed for adult learners. She goes on to explore the implementation of this model within a nursing education context. At the end of the chapter, discussion questions are provided by Janice McDrury.
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Crowe, M. (2006). Psychiatric diagnosis: Some implications for mental health nursing care. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 53(1), 125–131.
Abstract: This article explores some of the functions of psychiatric diagnosis and the implications this has for mental health nursing care. It critiques the psychiatric diagnosis as a categorisation process that maintains oppressive power relations within society, by establishing and enforcing normality through gender, culture and class biases. The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is used to illustrate some of the inherent biases in the diagnostic process. The author argues that mental health nursing practice needs to demonstrate an awareness of the power relations inherent in any diagnostic process and make attempts to redress these at both the individual and sociopolitical levels. To create a true patient-centred partnership in mental health nursing, the nursing focus should be on the patient's experience rather than the psychiatric diagnosis with which the experience is attributed. NB this is a reprint of article first published in Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2000 Mar; 31(3), 583-9.
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Gillard, D. (2002). When I am nursing. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: Over the last century the nursing profession has drawn from numerous theories and disciplines to construct its own theoretical foundations. While this diversity and flexibility may be one of the nursing profession's strengths it may have contributed to nurses' difficulty in explaining the complexities of their every day clinical work. This is a particular challenge for the domain of mental health nursing. This dissertation discusses how nursing models that have credibility at a clinical level can contribute to informing and advancing nursing practice. Models can achieve this by assisting nurses to conceptualise and articulate what it is they do that makes a difference to patient outcomes. Through this process nurses can maintain a distinct professional identity and establish themselves as effective members of multidisciplinary health team. Specifically, the application and limitations of Godkin's (2001) proposed model of a 'healing presence' to the author's own practice in a one-to-one nurse-adolescent client relationship in the mental health nursing is examined. It is claimed that a 'healing presence' provides a meaningful way to understanding the author's own practice. The proposed model of a 'healing presence' embraces the diversity of her background, and allows the author to maintain a nursing identity by providing a nursing framework to critique her practice, furthering her understanding of what it is that 'expert' nurses do and how this impacts on patient outcomes. Also suggested is that a 'healing presence' can contribute to the author's own and other nurses advanced nursing practice by making nursing visible to the multidisciplinary health team and to articulate “what it is that I do 'when I am nursing'”. Through presenting this dissertation, the author wishes to inspire other nurses to examine and understand their own practice.
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Koorey, R. (2008). Is there a place for clinical supervision in perioperative nursing? Dissector, 35(4), 15–17.
Abstract: This article explores the concept of clinical supervision and outlines a brief history of implications for nursing practice. Models of clinical supervision are outlined and examples of how they may be applicable to the clinical setting of perioperative nursing are provided.
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Simon, V. N. (2006). Characterising Maori nursing practice. Contemporary Nurse, 22(2), 203–213.
Abstract: This paper summarises research which addresses the question What might constitute Maori nursing practice? The research design adopted was influenced by kaupapa Maori methodology and used a semi-structured, qualitative, in-depth interview process. It was found that by understanding the current experiences of Maori registered nurses, their reflections on their preparation for practice, and their current practice, it is possible to identify the present and future training and practice needs of Maori nurses. Maori nursing practice can be characterised as having five features: the promotion of cultural affirmation including cultural awareness and identity; the support of, and access to Maori networks; the adoption of Maori models of health; the enabling of visibility and pro-activity as Maori nurses; and, the validation of Maori nurses as effective health professionals. Three recommendations for promoting Maori nursing practice are made in relation to staff in the workplace and in nurse education programmes: all nursing staff need to be alert to: 1. the impact of western scientific models on Maori healthcare; 2. the (often passive) non-acceptance of Maori within mainstream institutions; and iii) the benefits of valuing indigenous nursing programmes.
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Cook, N., Phillips, B. N., & Sadler, D. (2005). The Tidal Model as experienced by patients and nurses in a regional forensic unit. Journal of Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing, 15(5), 536–540.
Abstract: This study looks at the effect of implementing the Tidal Model at Rangipapa, a regional secure mental health forensic unit. A phenomenological study was undertaken to obtain reflective description of the nursing care experience from the perspective's of four registered nurses and four “special patients”. Five major themes were identified that appeared to capture the experiences of the participants. The themes show changes to the unit's unique culture and values following implementation of the model. These changes engendered a sense of hope, where nurses felt they were making a difference and patients were able to communicate in their own words their feelings of hope and optimism. Levelling was experienced as an effect emerging from individual and group processes whereby a shift in power enhanced a sense of self and connectedness in their relationships. These interpersonal transactions were noted by the special patients as being positive for their recovery. This enabled effective nurse-patient collaboration expressed simply as working together. The participants reported a feeling of humanity, so that there was a human face to a potentially objectifying forensic setting. Implications arising from this study are that the use of the model enables a synergistic interpersonal process wherein nurses are professionally satisfied and patients are validated in their experience supporting their recovery.
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Giddings, D. L. S. (2005). A theoretical model of social consciousness. Advances in Nursing Science, 28(3), 224–239.
Abstract: The article presents a theoretical model of social consciousness developed from nurses' life histories. A 3-position dialectical framework (acquired, awakened, and expanded social consciousness) makes visible the way people respond to social injustice in their lives and in the lives of others. The positions coexist, are not hierarchical, and are contextually situated. A person's location influences her or his availability for social action. Nurses who could most contribute to challenging social injustices that underpin health disparities are relegated to the margins of mainstream nursing by internal processes of discrimination. The author suggests that more inclusive definitions of “a nurse” would open up possibilities for social change.
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Wright, R. (2001). Linking theory with practice. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 7(2), 14–15.
Abstract: This article describes the care of a brain-dead intensive care unit patient. The human caring theory of Jean Watson is used to interpret the interactions between family, patient and nurse in this case study. Watson's concepts of care are examined as they relate to each stage of caring for the patient and his family.
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Webby, A. (2001). Developing safe nursing practice for Maori. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 7(1), 16–17.
Abstract: A safe mental health nursing practice for Maori is defined as one that includes Maori ways of knowing. The author also notes that Maori mental health nurses must be given the ability to create their own practice to best meet their clients' needs.
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Carter, H., MacLeod, R., Brander, P., & McPherson, K. (2004). Living with a terminal illness: Patients' priorities. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 45(6), 611–620.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to report on an exploratory, qualitative study exploring what people living with terminal illness considered were the areas of priority in their lives. Ten people living with terminal cancer were interviewed. Analysis of the interviews incorporated principles of narrative analysis and grounded theory. Over 30 categories were identified and collated into five inter-related themes (personal/intrinsic factors, external/extrinsic factors, future issues, perceptions of normality and taking charge) encompassing the issues of importance to all participants. Each theme focused on 'life and living' in relation to life as it was or would be without illness. Practical issues of daily living and the opportunity to address philosophical issues around the meaning of life emerged as important areas. The central theme, 'taking charge', concerned with people's levels of life engagement, was integrally connected to all other themes. The findings suggest that the way in which health professionals manage patients' involvement in matters such as symptom relief can impact on existential areas of concern. The findings challenge some aspects of traditional 'expert-defined' outcome measures. As this was an exploratory study, further work is needed to test and develop the model presented.
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Garrod, A. (2002). Cultural safety: Living with disability. Whitireia Nursing Journal, 9, 14–19.
Abstract: This article outlines some of the health experiences and concerns of people with physical and/or mental disabilities. These experiences and concerns are explored within the context of the practice of cultural safety. In 1996, the Nursing Council of New Zealand adopted its definition of cultural safety and defines 'culture', in the context of 'cultural safety', as involving all people who are not part of the culture of nursing. Each person with a disability is unique, and they may also be part of a larger disability culture, which has its own shared experiences, values, beliefs and lifestyles. People with disabilities are also a minority within the population. Therefore, any power they might have within their own culture is minimal, compared to the advantages enjoyed by the rest of the population.
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O'Brien, A. J. (2001). The therapeutic relationship: Historical development and contemporary significance. Journal of Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing, 8(2), 129–137.
Abstract: This article examines the therapeutic relationship, a concept held by many to be fundamental to the identity of mental health nurses. While the therapeutic relationship was given formal expression in nursing theory in the middle of the last century, its origins can be traced to attendants' interpersonal practices in the asylum era. The dominance of medical understandings of mental distress, and the working-class status of asylum attendants, prevented the development of an account of mental health nursing based on attendants' relationships with asylum inmates. It was left to Peplau and other nursing theorists to describe mental health nursing as a therapeutic relationship in the 1940s and later. Some distinctive features of colonial life in New Zealand suggest that the ideal of the attendant as the embodiment of bourgeoisie values seems particularly unlikely to have been realised in the New Zealand context. However, New Zealand literature from the 20th century shows that the therapeutic relationship, as part of a general development of a therapeutic discourse, came to assume a central place in conceptualisations of mental health nursing. While the therapeutic relationship is not by itself a sufficient basis for professional continuity, it continues to play a fundamental role in mental health nurses' professional identity. The way in which the therapeutic relationship is articulated in the future will determine the meaning of the therapeutic relationship for future generations of mental health nurses.
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Litchfield, M. (2006). Towards a people-pivotal paradigm for healthcare: Report of the Turangi primary health care nursing innovation 2003-2006.
Abstract: This report presents the findings of the developmental evaluation programme for the three-year innovation project. It includes the model of the integrative nursing service scheme with mobile whanau/family nurses as the hub of healthcare provision for a new paradigm of service design and delivery spanning primary-secondary-tertiary sectors. The form of healthcare the local people received, the nature of the nursing practice and role, service delivery and employment parameters required to support the nurses in practice are presented. The service configuration model subsequently gave the structure to Lake Taupo Primary Health Organisation with the hub of family nurses with a mobile comprehensive practice.
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Polaschek, N. (2003). Negotiated care: A model for nursing work in the renal setting. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 42(4), 355–363.
Abstract: This article outlines a model for the nursing role in the chronic health care context of renal replacement therapy. Materials from several streams of literature are used to conceptualise the potential for nursing work in the renal setting as negotiated care. In order to present the role of the renal nurse in this way it is contextualised by viewing the renal setting as a specialised social context constituted by a dominant professional discourse and a contrasting client discourse. While performing specific therapeutic activities in accord with the dominant discourse, renal nurses can develop a relationship with the person living on dialysis, based on responsiveness to their subjective experience reflecting the renal client discourse. In contrast to the language of noncompliance prevalent in the renal setting, nurses can, through their relationship with renal clients, facilitate their attempts to negotiate the requirements of the therapeutic regime into their own personal life situation. Nurses can mediate between the dominant and client discourses for the person living on dialysis. Care describes the quality that nurses actively seek to create in their relationships with clients, through negotiation, in order to support them to live as fully as possible while using renal replacement therapy. The author concludes that within chronic health care contexts, shaped by the acute curative paradigm of biomedicine, the model of nursing work as negotiated care has the potential to humanise contemporary medical technologies by responding to clients' experiences of illness and therapy.
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Litchfield, M. (1998). Professional development: Developing a new model of integrated care. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 4(9), 23–25.
Abstract: An overview of the model of nursing practice and nurse roles derived through a programme of nursing research in the context of the policy and strategies directing developments in the New Zealand health system. The emphsis was on the health service configuration model presented diagrammatically to show the position of a new role of family nurse with a distinct form of practice forming the hub.
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